'This program lets you create little sound samples
    'It uses 11025 samples per second, 8 bits per sample
    'and mono sound.
    'One second of sound will use 11025 bytes, each
    'byte represents the volume of the sound at any
    'point in time. (0-255) The changing volume creates
    'the frequency of the sound you hear.
    'The sound can be left pure or modulated by another
    'tone
    true=1  'program variables
    false=0
    dim hz$(12)
    dim mhz$(12)
    hz$(0)="55.000(A)"
    hz$(1)="58.270(A#)"
    hz$(2)="61.735(B)"
    hz$(3)="65.406(C)"
    hz$(4)="69.296(C#)"
    hz$(5)="73.416(D)"
    hz$(6)="77.782(D#)"
    hz$(7)="82.407(E)"
    hz$(8)="87.307(F)"
    hz$(9)="92.499(F#)"
    hz$(10)="97.999(G)"
    hz$(11)="103.826(G#)"
    hz$(12)="110.000(A)"
    mhz$(0)="130.813(C)"
    mhz$(1)="261.626(C)"
    mhz$(2)="523.251(C)"
    mhz$(3)="1046.502(C)"
    wv$(0)="Sine"
    wv$(1)="Square"
    wv$(2)="Saw Tooth"
    wv$(3)="Triangular"
    mwv$(0)="Sine"
    mwv$(4)="None"
    vo$(0)="10%"
    vo$(1)="20%"
    vo$(2)="30%"
    vo$(3)="40%"
    vo$(4)="50%"
    vo$(5)="60%"
    vo$(6)="70%"
    vo$(7)="80%"
    vo$(8)="90%"
    vo$(9)="100%"
    mvo$(0)="10%"
    mvo$(1)="20%"
    mvo$(2)="30%"
    mvo$(3)="40%"
    mvo$(4)="50%"
    mvo$(5)="60%"
    mvo$(6)="70%"
    mvo$(7)="80%"
    mvo$(8)="90%"
    mvo$(9)="100%"
    du$(0)="100ms"
    du$(1)="500ms"
    du$(2)="1000ms"
    du$(3)="5000ms"
  nomainwin    'open our window
    WindowWidth = 600: WindowHeight = 500
    UpperLeftX = int((DisplayWidth-WindowWidth)/2)
    UpperLeftY = int((DisplayHeight-WindowHeight)/2)
    graphicbox  #scope.graph, 50, 20, 500, 300
    statictext  #scope.hz, "Hertz" ,125, 360,80,20
    combobox    #scope.hz, hz$(),[hertz],125,380,80,20
    combobox    #scope.mhz,mhz$(),[mhertz],125,420,80,20
    statictext  #scope.wv, "Wave Form" ,225, 360,80,20
    combobox    #scope.wv, wv$(),[wave],225,380,80,20
    combobox    #scope.mwv,mwv$(),[mwave],225,420,80,20
    statictext  #scope.vo, "Volume" ,325, 360,80,20
    combobox    #scope.vo, vo$(),[volume],325,380,80,20
    combobox    #scope.mvo,mvo$(),[modvol],325,420,80,20
    statictext  #scope.du, "Duration" ,420, 360,80,20
    combobox    #scope.du, du$(),[duration],420,380,80,20
    button      #scope.save, "Save",[save],UL,125,325
    button      #scope.play, "Play",[play],UL,225,325
    button      #scope.loop, "Loop",[repeat],UL,325,325
    button      #scope.stop, "Stop",[stop],UL,425,325
  open "Tone Generator" for window_nf as #scope
    print #scope, "trapclose [quit]"  'draw the scope background and flush it
    print #scope.graph, "down"
    for y= 300 to 0 step -2
        print #scope.graph, "color ";y/2+100;" ";y/2+100;" ";y/2+100
        print #scope.graph, "line 0 ";y;" ";"500 ";y
        print #scope.graph, "line 0 ";y-1;" ";"500 ";y-1
    next y
    print #scope.graph, "color yellow"
    print #scope.graph, "line 0 150 500 150"
    print #scope.graph, "flush"
    print #scope.hz, "select 55.000(A)" 'set the initial combobox data
    hertz=55
    print #scope.wv, "select Sine"
    wave$="Sine"
    print #scope.vo, "select 100%"
    volume=1
    print #scope.du, "select 1000ms"
    duration=1
    print #scope.mhz, "select 261.626(C)"
    mhertz=261.626
    print #scope.mwv, "select Sine"
    mwave$="Sine"
    print #scope.mvo, "select 10%"
    modvol=.1
    gosub [chart]
    'now wait for user input
  wait
  [hertz]
    print #scope.hz, "contents? text$"  ' button and combobox handlers
    hertz=val(text$)
    gosub [chart]
  wait
  [mhertz]
    print #scope.mhz, "contents? text$"
    mhertz=val(text$)
    gosub [chart]
  wait
  [wave]
    print #scope.wv, "contents? wave$"
    gosub [chart]
  wait
  [mwave]
    print #scope.mwv, "contents? mwave$"
    gosub [chart]
    wait
    [volume]
    print #scope.vo, "contents? text$"
    volume=val(text$)/100
    gosub [chart]
  wait
  [modvol]
    print #scope.mvo, "contents? text$"
    modvol=val(text$)/100
    gosub [chart]
  wait
  [duration]
    print #scope.du, "contents? text$"
    duration=val(text$)/1000
    gosub [chart]
  wait
  [stop]
    playwave ""
    repeat=false
  wait
  [save]
    filedialog "Save As...", "*.wav", fileName$
    open fileName$ for output as #t
    print #t, header$
    print #t, tone$
    close #t
  wait
  [repeat]
    repeat=true
    ' now drop down to [play]
  [play]
    samplesPerSecond=11025  'create the .wav file header
    channels=1 'mono
    bitsPerSample=8
    blockAlign=(bitsPerSample*channels)/8
    bytesPerSecond=blockAlign*samplesPerSecond
    'this is the only element that changes in the header
    dataSize=len(tone$)  'normally dataSize=bytesPerSecond*duration
    waveSize=dataSize+36
    header$=""
    header$=header$+"RIFF"
    number=waveSize
    byte4=int(number/16777216)
    number=number-(byte4*16777216)
    byte3=int(number/65536)
    number=number-(byte3*65536)
    byte2=int(number/256)
    byte1=number-(byte2*256)
    header$=header$+chr$(byte1)+chr$(byte2)+chr$(byte3)+chr$(byte4) ' lof -8
    header$=header$+"WAVE"
    header$=header$+"fmt "
    header$=header$+chr$(16)+chr$(0)+chr$(0)+chr$(0) ' fmt chunk length 16 bytes
    header$=header$+chr$(1)+chr$(0) ' pcm
    header$=header$+chr$(channels)+chr$(0) ' 1 = mono
    number=samplesPerSecond
    byte4=int(number/16777216)
    number=number-(byte4*16777216)
    byte3=int(number/65536)
    number=number-(byte3*65536)
    byte2=int(number/256)
    byte1=number-(byte2*256)
    header$=header$+chr$(byte1)+chr$(byte2)+chr$(byte3)+chr$(byte4) ' samples per second
    number=bytesPerSecond
    byte4=int(number/16777216)
    number=number-(byte4*16777216)
    byte3=int(number/65536)
    number=number-(byte3*65536)
    byte2=int(number/256)
    byte1=number-(byte2*256)
    header$=header$+chr$(byte1)+chr$(byte2)+chr$(byte3)+chr$(byte4) ' bytes per second
    number=blockAlign
    byte2=int(number/256)
    byte1=number-(byte2*256)
    header$=header$+chr$(byte1)+chr$(byte2) ' block align
    number=bitsPerSample
    byte2=int(number/256)
    byte1=number-(byte2*256)
    header$=header$+chr$(byte1)+chr$(byte2) ' bits per sample
    header$=header$+"data"
    number=dataSize
    byte4=int(number/16777216)
    number=number-(byte4*16777216)
    byte3=int(number/65536)
    number=number-(byte3*65536)
    byte2=int(number/256)
    byte1=number-(byte2*256)
    header$=header$+chr$(byte1)+chr$(byte2)+chr$(byte3)+chr$(byte4) ' number of data bytes
  open "tone.wav" for output as #tone
    print #tone, header$
    print #tone, tone$
    close #tone
    if repeat then
        playwave "tone.wav", loop
    else
        playwave "tone.wav"
    end if
  wait
  [chart]
    samplesPerSecond=11025
    channels=1 'mono
    bitsPerSample=8
    blockAlign=(bitsPerSample*channels)/8
    bytesPerSecond=blockAlign*samplesPerSecond
    dataSize=bytesPerSecond*duration
    [createwavedata]
    tone$=""
     select case wave$
 
            case "Sine"
                tone$=""
                degree=0
                increment=360/(samplesPerSecond/hertz)
                for byte = 1 to dataSize
                    degree=degree+increment
                    if degree>359 then degree=0
                    ypos=(sin(degree/57.29577951)*128*volume)+128
                    t=int(ypos)
                    tone$=tone$+chr$(t)
                next
             case "Square"
                period=samplesPerSecond/hertz/2
                counter=0
                high=true
                for byte= 1 to dataSize
                if high then
                    ypos=128+(128*volume)
                    counter=counter+1
                    if counter>=period then
                        high=false
                        counter=0
                   end if
                 else
                    ypos=128-(128*volume)
                    counter=counter+1
                    if counter>=period then
                        high=true
                        counter=0
                    end if
                 end if
                 t=int(ypos)
                 if t<0 then t=0
                 if t>255 then t=255
                 tone$=tone$+chr$(t)
                 next
            case "Saw Tooth"
                period=samplesPerSecond/hertz
                increment=(256*volume)/period
                counter=0
                ypos=128+128*volume
                for byte= 1 to dataSize
                    if counter>=period then
                        ypos=128+128*volume
                        counter=0
                    end if
                ypos=ypos-increment
                counter = counter +1
                t=int(ypos)
                if t<0 then t=0
                if t>255 then t=255
                tone$=tone$+chr$(t)
                next
            case "Triangular"
                period=samplesPerSecond/hertz/2
                increment=(256*volume)/period
                counter=0
                ypos=128+128*volume
                high=true
                for byte= 1 to dataSize
                if high then
                    ypos=ypos-increment
                    counter=counter+1
                    if counter>=period then
                        high=false
                        counter=0
                   end if
                 else
                    ypos=ypos+increment
                    counter=counter+1
                    if counter>=period then
                        high=true
                        counter=0
                    end if
                 end if
                 t=int(ypos)
                 if t<0 then t=0
                 if t>255 then t=255
                tone$=tone$+chr$(t)
                next
    end select
  [modulatewavedata]
    temp$=tone$
    tone$=""
    select case mwave$
            case "Sine"
                degree=0
                increment=360/(samplesPerSecond/mhertz)
                for byte = 1 to dataSize
                    degree=degree+increment
                    if degree>359 then degree=0
                    ypos=(sin(degree/57.29577951)*128*modvol)+128
                    t=int(ypos)
                    t=t+asc(mid$(temp$,byte,1))-128
                    if t<0 then t=0
                    if t>255 then t=255
                    tone$=tone$+chr$(t)
                next
            case "None"
            tone$=temp$
            temp$=""
    end select
    xpos=0  'graph the first 500 values from the file
    ypos=150
    print #scope.graph, "discard ; redraw ; place 0 150"
    for byte = 1 to 500
        ypos=asc(mid$(tone$,byte,1))+22
        print #scope.graph, "color red ;goto ";xpos;" ";ypos
        xpos=xpos+1
    next
  wait
  [quit]
    close #scope
  end
 
 
' frequency chart of the musical scale

'0  A        55.000  110.000  220.000  440.000    880.000  1,760.000
'1  A#/Bb    58.270  116.541  233.082  466.164    932.328  1,864.655
'2  B        61.735  123.471  246.942  493.883    987.767  1,975.533
'3  C        65.406  130.813  261.626  523.251  1,046.502  2,093.005
'4  C#/Db    69.296  138.591  277.183  554.365  1,108.731  2,217.461
'5  D        73.416  146.832  293.665  587.330  1,174.659  2,349.318
'6  D#/Eb    77.782  155.563  311.127  622.254  1,244.508  2,489.016
'7  E        82.407  164.814  329.628  659.255  1,318.510  2,637.020
'8  F        87.307  174.614  349.228  698.456  1,396.913  2,793.826
'9  F#/Gb    92.499  184.997  369.994  739.989  1,479.978  2,959.955
'10  G       97.999  195.998  391.995  783.991  1,567.982  3,135.963
'11  G#/Ab  103.826  207.652  415.305  830.609  1,661.219  3,322.438
'12  A      110.000  220.000  440.000  880.000  1,760.000  3,520.000